1  概述
      建筑光(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)電系(xi)統是將建筑與(yu)光(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)電結合的(de)一種新(xin)型的(de)能(neng)源綜合利用(yong)方(fang)(fang)式，太陽能(neng)電池連接并(bing)(bing)封裝在不(bu)同的(de)基材上構成(cheng)組(zu)件，組(zu)件經串(chuan)并(bing)(bing)聯方(fang)(fang)式組(zu)成(cheng)光(guang)伏(fu)方(fang)(fang)陣，光(guang)伏(fu)方(fang)(fang)陣輸出的(de)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)電經經過(guo)(guo)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)匯(hui)(hui)流(liu)(liu)、逆變，轉變為交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)電并(bing)(bing)入(ru)電網。針對光(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)電每個環(huan)節電力參(can)(can)數檢測的(de)需(xu)要，安科瑞公司推(tui)出了AGF系(xi)列(lie)(lie)(lie)光(guang)伏(fu)匯(hui)(hui)流(liu)(liu)采集(ji)裝置、PZ系(xi)列(lie)(lie)(lie)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)檢測儀表及(ji)ACR系(xi)列(lie)(lie)(lie)電力質量分(fen)析儀，分(fen)別應用(yong)于匯(hui)(hui)流(liu)(liu)箱(xiang)、直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)柜(ju)及(ji)交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)柜(ju)中，通過(guo)(guo)Acrel-2000 V8.0建筑光(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)電監控系(xi)統實(shi)現光(guang)伏(fu)電池、匯(hui)(hui)流(liu)(liu)箱(xiang)、直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)柜(ju)、逆變器、交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)柜(ju)等運行參(can)(can)數和(he)狀態數據(ju)采集(ji)，進行監視(shi)、控制和(he)調(diao)整，以提高發(fa)電系(xi)統的(de)效率。

        對(dui)(dui)于小型單相發電(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)，設(she)備(bei)可(ke)(ke)以選(xuan)用(yong)AMI-250微型逆變(bian)(bian)器、AMI-C微逆集中管理(li)單元、交流柜、ACR330ELH交流測(ce)量儀表等(deng)設(she)備(bei)；對(dui)(dui)于組串式并(bing)網(wang)發電(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)設(she)備(bei)可(ke)(ke)選(xuan)用(yong)ASI-xx并(bing)網(wang)逆變(bian)(bian)器、AZX-H交流匯流箱、AZG-B光伏并(bing)網(wang)柜等(deng)設(she)備(bei)；對(dui)(dui)于集中式光伏發電(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)可(ke)(ke)選(xuan)用(yong)APV-M直(zhi)流匯流箱、APG直(zhi)流防雷柜等(deng)設(she)備(bei)。
2  光伏發電監測系統組網示意(yi)圖

光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方式(shi)有單(dan)相(xiang)并(bing)(bing)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)、三(san)(san)相(xiang)組(zu)串(chuan)并(bing)(bing)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)、三(san)(san)相(xiang)集(ji)(ji)中并(bing)(bing)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)。其中，單(dan)相(xiang)并(bing)(bing)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)由(you)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)組(zu)件(jian)、交(jiao)流配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)箱、單(dan)相(xiang)并(bing)(bing)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)逆變器(qi)、計量(liang)儀表、通(tong)信監控、連(lian)(lian)接(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)等(deng)組(zu)成(cheng)，適(shi)用(yong)于(yu)小(xiao)型(xing)建筑(zhu)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，例如(ru)家庭屋頂(ding)(ding)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)、小(xiao)型(xing)商用(yong)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，裝(zhuang)機容量(liang)一(yi)般小(xiao)于(yu)10kW；三(san)(san)相(xiang)組(zu)串(chuan)并(bing)(bing)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)由(you)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)組(zu)件(jian)、組(zu)串(chuan)式(shi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)并(bing)(bing)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)逆變器(qi)、交(jiao)流配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)柜(ju)、連(lian)(lian)接(jie)線(xian)纜(lan)等(deng)組(zu)成(cheng)，適(shi)用(yong)于(yu)中型(xing)建筑(zhu)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，各光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)組(zu)串(chuan)允許(xu)安裝(zhuang)朝向不同、規格不同，發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)一(yi)般在(zai)10~200KW；三(san)(san)相(xiang)集(ji)(ji)中并(bing)(bing)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)由(you)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)組(zu)件(jian)、直(zhi)流匯(hui)流箱、直(zhi)流配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)柜(ju)（可(ke)選(xuan)）、集(ji)(ji)中式(shi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)并(bing)(bing)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)逆變器(qi)、交(jiao)流配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)柜(ju)、并(bing)(bing)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)柜(ju)、升壓(ya)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)、連(lian)(lian)接(jie)線(xian)纜(lan)等(deng)組(zu)成(cheng)，適(shi)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)為380V或升壓(ya)至10KV及以上的(de)大(da)型(xing)廠房類屋頂(ding)(ding)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)項目(mu)，一(yi)般發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)在(zai)200~1000KW。

單相并網發電系統

三相組串式并網發電系統

三相集中式并網發電(dian)系統

 3  光伏發電監測(ce)系統組網示(shi)意圖

建(jian)筑光(guang)伏發電(dian)監(jian)控系統組網(wang)(wang)方式靈活，支持星(xing)型單(dan)機(ji)單(dan)網(wang)(wang)、星(xing)型雙(shuang)機(ji)雙(shuang)網(wang)(wang)、光(guang)纖(xian)環網(wang)(wang)。星(xing)型單(dan)機(ji)單(dan)網(wang)(wang)適用于系統設備數少(shao)、規(gui)模小(xiao)(xiao)，值班室或監(jian)控中心(xin)距離低壓或者(zhe)高壓室比較(jiao)(jiao)近，可靠性要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)一(yi)般的項(xiang)目；環型光(guang)纖(xian)雙(shuang)機(ji)單(dan)網(wang)(wang)適合可靠性要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)較(jiao)(jiao)高、分站之間要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)相互(hu)影響(xiang)較(jiao)(jiao)小(xiao)(xiao)、可擴展性要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)一(yi)般的項(xiang)目；星(xing)型光(guang)纖(xian)雙(shuang)機(ji)雙(shuang)網(wang)(wang)適合可靠性要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)很(hen)高、分站之間要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)相互(hu)影響(xiang)小(xiao)(xiao)、可擴展性要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)很(hen)高的項(xiang)目。

單機單網

星型雙機雙網

環形光纖雙機雙網

 4  軟件界面
系統運行主畫面
監控系統提供功能選擇畫面(mian)，并對(dui)光伏陣列現場(chang)環境進行實時監測與(yu)顯示，如室外溫度值、濕(shi)度百(bai)分(fen)比、光照度及陣列表面(mian)溫度值等；

匯流監測系統畫面
監控系統可分區域實時監測各光伏陣列的充電(dian)電(dian)壓及電(dian)流、蓄(xu)電(dian)池電(dian)壓及溫度等信息，并對故障點進行(xing)異(yi)常顯示(shi)與(yu)報警提示(shi)；

逆變器監測畫面
監控系統可(ke)繪(hui)制顯示逆變器電壓—時(shi)間曲線(xian)、功率—時(shi)間曲線(xian)等(deng)，直流(liu)側輸入電流(liu)實時(shi)曲線(xian)、交流(liu)側逆變輸出(chu)電流(liu)曲線(xian)，并采集(ji)與顯示日發電量等(deng)電參量；

事件記錄監測畫面
監控(kong)系統可針對光伏發電現場的各(ge)種事件進行記錄(lu)，如：通訊采集異(yi)常、開(kai)關變位、操作記錄(lu)等(deng)，時間記錄(lu)支持(chi)按(an)類型查(cha)詢，并(bing)可對越(yue)限(xian)報警進行更改(gai)設(she)置；

曲線、棒圖分析畫面
監控(kong)系統對(dui)光伏(fu)發(fa)電(dian)的發(fa)電(dian)量可形成月棒(bang)圖(tu)及(ji)年度(du)棒(bang)圖(tu)顯(xian)示(shi)(shi)，并折算成二氧(yang)化碳、二氧(yang)化硫減(jian)排(pai)量值(zhi)；并可查(cha)看太陽輻射強度(du)趨勢(shi)曲線、風速(su)變化趨勢(shi)曲線顯(xian)示(shi)(shi)；